After installing imagemagick all you need to do is browse to the folder containing the JPG’s in a cmd window and use the following command:

convert *.jpg -density 300x300 -compress jpeg my.pdf

Imagemagick can be downloaded from here: http://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php

Luke Jeffries and Joanna Pearson wedding website!

Modifying the theme to have 3 columns on the front page is surprisingly easy and after creating a few files you can make your front page look rather different to the original them.

The layout I wanted was to be able to have the latest post as a full width chunk at the top of the page with 6 excerpts in columns see figure 1.

WordPress has the ability to use a file called home.php for its home page if it exsits in the root of your template folder. This is handy because we can then create a copy of the index.php file and edit that rather than modifying the index.php directly.

The PHP script comprises of 4 different loops. 1 loop to do do the top section and 3 other loops to fill out the posts in the columns.

To do this, each loop must have 3 bits of information to allow the loop to display the correct amount of posts in the correct order across the columns.

• showposts=2
• numberposts=2&offset=5
• $count0 == “2″

The ‘showposts’ argument determines how many posts wordpress gets from the database. ‘Numberposts’ determins how many posts are displayed within the loop its self and the ‘offset=0′ argument determines how posts to skip before displaying the correct post. This allows us to make sure that every post is unique and in order. The final bit of code is the ‘$count0 == “2″‘ which determines how many times the loop must loop to complete.

The Code

File header section

This is the standard code taken from the index.php which has just been modified to reflect the new file information.

<?php
/**home.php
 * The main home template file.
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * @package WordPress
 * @subpackage lightningone
 */

get_header(); ?>

		<div id="primary">
			<div id="content" role="main">

			<?php if ( have_posts() ) : ?>

				<?php twentyeleven_content_nav( 'nav-above' ); ?>

Top Section, loop 1

This is the start of the post content displayed in the top section of the page. This will display a chunk of the post with a ‘more’ link at the bottom allow the reader to carry on reading.

<?php /* THIS IS THE START OF POST 1 IN THE VERY TOP SECTION OF THE LAYOUT */ ?>
	<header class="entry-header">
	<?php /* LETS THE WORDPRESS LOOP KNOW HOW MANY POSTS TO SELECT - 1 IN THIS CASE, WHICH WILL START WITH THE LATEST POST (OFFSET=0 AND THE COUNT OF 1 TO ONLY LOOP ONCE */ ?>
	<?php query_posts('showposts=1'); ?>
	<?php $posts = get_posts('numberposts=1&offset=0'); foreach ($posts as $post) : start_wp(); ?>
	<?php static $count1 = 0; if ($count0 == "1") { break; } else { ?>
	<?php/* TITLE OUTPUT WITH LARGE HEADING AND LINK TO POST*/?>
	<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" title="<?php printf( esc_attr__( 'Permalink to %s', 'twentyeleven' ), the_title_attribute( 'echo=0' ) ); ?>" rel="bookmark"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h1>
	<?php if ( 'post' == get_post_type() ) : ?>
		<div class="entry-meta">
		<?php/* DISPLAY DATE OF POST*/?>
		<?php twentyeleven_posted_on(); ?>
		</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
		<?php endif; ?>
	<?php/*DISPLAY POST CONTENT*/?>
	<?php the_content(); ?>
	<?php $count0++; } ?>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</header>
<?php /* END SECTION TOP SECTION WITH A THIN LINE <HR></HR> */ ?>
<div class="hr"><hr /></div>

First column , loop 2

This is the start of the first column and uses the second loop to display posts 2 and 3. We use the <div id=”column_01″> to allow our css to format the column.

<?php	/* START OF THE FIRST COL LOOP */ ?>
	<div id="column_01">
	<?php /* IN THIS COL WE TELL WORDPRESS TO SHOW 2 POSTS WITH AN OFFSET OF 1 MEANING IT WILL START WITH THE SECOND NEWEST POST FIRST */ ?>
	<?php query_posts('showposts=2'); ?>
	<?php $posts = get_posts('numberposts=2&offset=1'); foreach ($posts as $post) : start_wp(); ?>
	<?php static $count1 = 0; if ($count1 == "2") { break; } else { ?>
	<?php/* TITLE OUTPUT WITH SMALL HEADINGS AND LINK TO POST*/?>
	<h1 class="entry-title-small"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" title="<?php printf( esc_attr__( 'Permalink to %s', 'twentyeleven' ), the_title_attribute( 'echo=0' ) ); ?>" rel="bookmark"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h1>
	<?php if ( 'post' == get_post_type() ) : ?>
	<div class="entry-meta">
	<?php/* DISPLAY DATE OF POST*/?>
	<?php twentyeleven_posted_on(); ?>
	</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
	<?php endif; ?>
	<?php/*DISPLAY POST EXCERPT*/?>
	<?php the_excerpt(); ?>
	<div class="hr"><hr /></div>
	<?php $count1++; } ?>
	<?php endforeach; ?>
	<?php /* END FIRST COL */ ?>
</div>

Second column , loop 3

As with the first column this uses the third loop to display posts 4 and 5. Colums 2 and 3 use a wrapper div (<div id=”column_wrap”>) to make sure the forming of the columns work properly.

<?php/* START OF SECOND COL LOOP WITH SAME CODE AS ABOVE ONLY THIS TIME THE OFFSET IS 3 SO THAT THE COL WILL START WITH THE 4TH NEWEST POST */?>
	<div id="column_wrap">
		<div id="column_02">
		<?php query_posts('showposts=2'); ?>
		<?php $posts = get_posts('numberposts=2&offset=3'); foreach ($posts as $post) : start_wp(); ?>
		<?php static $count2 = 0; if ($count2 == "2") { break; } else { ?>
		<?php/* TITLE OUTPUT WITH SMALL HEADINGS AND LINK TO POST*/?>
		<h1 class="entry-title-small"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" title="<?php printf( esc_attr__( 'Permalink to %s', 'twentyeleven' ), the_title_attribute( 'echo=0' ) ); ?>" rel="bookmark"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h1>
		<?php if ( 'post' == get_post_type() ) : ?>
		<div class="entry-meta">
		<?php/* DISPLAY DATE OF POST*/?>
		<?php twentyeleven_posted_on(); ?>
		</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
		<?php endif; ?>
		<?php/*DISPLAY POST EXCERPT*/?>
		<?php the_excerpt(); ?>
		<div class="hr"><hr /></div>
		<?php $count2++; } ?>
		<?php endforeach; ?>
	<?php /* END SECOND COL */ ?>
</div>

Third column , loop 4

Again, the third column uses the last loop to display posts 6 and 7.

<?php/* START OF THIRD COL LOOP WITH SAME CODE AS ABOVE ONLY THIS TIME THE OFFSET IS 5 SO THAT THE COL WILL START WITH THE 6TH NEWEST POST */?>
	<div id="column_03">
	<?php query_posts('showposts=2'); ?>
	<?php $posts = get_posts('numberposts=2&offset=5'); foreach ($posts as $post) : start_wp(); ?>
	<?php static $count3 = 0; if ($count3 == "2") { break; } else { ?>
	<?php/* TITLE OUTPUT WITH SMALL HEADINGS AND LINK TO POST*/?>
	<h1 class="entry-title-small"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" title="<?php printf( esc_attr__( 'Permalink to %s', 'twentyeleven' ), the_title_attribute( 'echo=0' ) ); ?>" rel="bookmark"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h1>
	<?php if ( 'post' == get_post_type() ) : ?>
	<div class="entry-meta">
	<?php/* DISPLAY DATE OF POST*/?>
	<?php twentyeleven_posted_on(); ?>
	</div><!-- .entry-meta -->
	<?php endif; ?>
	<?php/*DISPLAY POST EXCERPT*/?>
	<?php the_excerpt(); ?>
	<div class="hr"><hr /></div>
	<?php $count3++; } ?>
	<?php endforeach; ?>
	<?php /* END THIRD COL */ ?>
	</div>
</div>

File footer section

As with the the header section this is just a section of code taken from the index.php file in the twentyeleven theme.

<?php twentyeleven_content_nav( 'nav-below' ); ?>
<?php else : ?>
<article id="post-0" class="post no-results not-found">
<header class="entry-header">
<h1 class="entry-title"><?php _e( 'Nothing Found', 'twentyeleven' ); ?></h1>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->

	<div class="entry-content">
	<p><?php _e( 'Apologies, but no results were found for the requested archive. Perhaps searching will help find a related post.', 'twentyeleven' ); ?></p>
	<?php get_search_form(); ?>
	</div><!-- .entry-content -->
	</article><!-- #post-0 -->
	<?php endif; ?>
	</div><!-- #content -->
	</div><!-- #primary -->
<?php get_sidebar(); ?>
<?php get_footer(); ?>

CSS to format columns

The 3 column layout requires a bit of CSS to format the divs located in between the code. Without this CSS the layout wont work.

/* three column layout */
div#column_01 {
	float: left;
	clear: none;
	width: 30%;
	}
div#column_wrap {
	float: right;
	clear: none;
	width: 68%;
	}
	div#column_02 {
		float: left;
		clear: none;
		width: 45%;
		border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
		border-right: 1px solid #ccc;
		padding-left: 5%;
		padding-right: 5%;
		}
	div#column_03 {
		float: right;
		clear: none;
		width: 45%;
		}

Reference site: http://perishablepress.com/press/2008/09/01/multiple-loops-and-multiple-columns-with-wordpress/

I downloaded the latest version of the Ubuntu Rescue Remix cd from here: http://ubuntu-rescue-remix.org/Using the steps below (original post: http://ubuntu-rescue-remix.org/node/90#comment-186) I was able to recover the data back to a new disk.

If needing to make a dd image the same steps can be used here: Guide to creating dd images

1) Boot the Ubuntu Rescue Remix CD and wait for the command prompt
2) Use the command sudo lshw -C disk -short to work out which drive is the source drive and which is the destination.

3) Use the command sudo ddrescue -r 3 /dev/[sourcedisk (sda etc)] /dev/[desternationdisk (sdb etc)] log to clone the source disk to the destination disk.

4) Keep your fingers crossed the corruption isn’t to bad!

5) If the machine boots and is a windows machine, I would recommend loading a command prompt and typing the command sfc /scannow to check that the important windows files are intact.

For backing up I used Knoppix 6.4.4 Live CD as it’s a good all round Linux live CD with great driver and software support including an xdesktop. Knoppix can be downloaded from here: http://www.knoppix.org/The software to do the actual backing up is DD which does an exact bit copy of the source disk. To compress the image the process used Gunzip. In this instance the destination disk is a 2TB external disk drive formatted as NTFS. If you’re using FAT32 or another file system, section 5 will need to be adjusted accordingly.

hda represented the source disk. hdb represents the destination disk. Substitute these for the disk names found in section 3.

1. Boot into knoppix
2. To gain access to root type:

su

3. To verify source and destination disks,type:

fdisk -l

4. Make sure no partitions are mounted from the hard disk your about to image. To do this open a terminal window and type mount. This will list all mounted partitions. Verify that your source disk (found in step 2) isn’t in the mount list.

5. Mount your destination disk by typing :

mkdir /media/windows

mount /dev/hdb /media/windows/ -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222

6. To verify you can view the ntfs partition type:

cd /media/windows

7. Then to list the files (if any) type:

ls

8. To image the source disk and place the compressed image on your destination disk use the following command:

dd if=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K | gzip -c > /media/windows/hda.img.gz

dd is the command to do the bit copy of the drive. If is the ‘input file’ which in our case is the hard disk we want to image. ‘conv=sync,noerror’ means that if dd finds any sectors of the disk it cannot read it will replace that part of image with 0′s. bs=64K is the block size used in the copy.

9. Go make a coffee as it may take quite a while to image. You can use ls -lh on the directory that has the image file in to monitor its size progress.

10. Its also a good idea to save a copy of the source disk details as you may need them to access partition information within the disk image. To do this type the following command:

fdisk -l /dev/hda > /media/windows/hda_fdisk.info

11. As a sanity check you can view the file structure from within using the fdisk. You will need the number of cylinders from the document saved in step 10.

    fdisk -l -u -C 592 /media/windows/hda.img

    Hopefully you should see a list of files!

12. Thats it, you should now have a complete image of the destination disk. The last thing we want to do is to unmount our destination disk before turning it off. To do this type the following command:

Umount /media/windows

I had trouble getting the disk to unmount. If you do you can use:

umount -l /media/windows

which means ‘lazy’ unmount and will force an unmount of the disk.

Restoring data from an image

So now you have a lovely new image of your machine, what can we do with it?

You have two options:

1. Copy the data from the image back to another disk
2. Decompress the image and mount the partitions to allow you to access the file system within linux

a) Copy the data from the image back to another disk

This can simply be done by using the command below.

gunzip -c /mnt/sda1/hda.img.gz | dd of=/dev/hda conv=sync,noerror bs=64K

b) Decompress the image and mount he partition

gunzip -c sda.img.gz > sda.img

create two directories

mkdir /media/windows/

mkdir /media/image/

Mount the disk that holds the image by using the command:

mount /dev/hdb /media/windows/ -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222

Need a bit in here about how to get the offset.

Then Mount the image:

mount -o loop,offset=32256 -t ntfs /media/windows/sda.img /media/image/

You should then be able to browse the files on the image by typing:

 cd /media/image/

 ls -lh

To copy the data out of the image you can use the command:

 mkdir /media/windows/backup

 cp -r /media/image/files/* /media/windows/backup

The software can be downloaded here: http://www.xmarks.com/

The software can be found here: http://www.osforensics.com/tools/mount-disk-images.html

Check Start of Authority (SOA)

> set q=SOA
> lightningone.co.uk
Server: hyperion.dsns.co.uk
Address: 192.168.226.4

Non-authoritative answer:
lightningone.co.uk
primary name server = ns58.eukdns.com
responsible mail addr = luke.scoobyluke.com
serial = 2011071802
refresh = 86400 (1 day)
retry = 7200 (2 hours)
expire = 3600000 (41 days 16 hours)
default TTL = 86400 (1 day)

ns58.eukdns.com internet address = 213.175.196.80

Check the Nameservers (NS)

> set q=NS
> lightningone.co.uk
Server: hyperion.dsns.co.uk
Address: 192.168.226.4

Non-authoritative answer:
lightningone.co.uk nameserver = ns1010322.ukvpshosting.com
lightningone.co.uk nameserver = ns1010323.ukvpshosting.com

ns1010322.ukvpshosting.com internet address = 92.48.70.190
ns1010323.ukvpshosting.com internet address = 92.48.70.191

Check E-Mail MX-Records (MX)

> set q=MX
> lightningone.co.uk
Server: hyperion.dsns.co.uk
Address: 192.168.226.4

Non-authoritative answer:
lightningone.co.uk MX preference = 0, mail exchanger = lightningone.co.u

lightningone.co.uk internet address = 92.48.70.190
>

Check everything (ANY)

> set q=ANY
> lightningone.co.uk
Server: hyperion.dsns.co.uk
Address: 192.168.226.4

Non-authoritative answer:
lightningone.co.uk internet address = 92.48.70.190
lightningone.co.uk nameserver = ns1010322.ukvpshosting.com
lightningone.co.uk nameserver = ns1010323.ukvpshosting.com
lightningone.co.uk
primary name server = ns58.eukdns.com
responsible mail addr = luke.scoobyluke.com
serial = 2011071802
refresh = 86400 (1 day)
retry = 7200 (2 hours)
expire = 3600000 (41 days 16 hours)
default TTL = 86400 (1 day)
lightningone.co.uk MX preference = 0, mail exchanger = lightningone.co.uk

ns1010322.ukvpshosting.com internet address = 92.48.70.190
ns1010323.ukvpshosting.com internet address = 92.48.70.191
lightningone.co.uk internet address = 92.48.70.190

Lookup all hosts within a domain

> ls -d lightningone.co.uk